Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of an allergic reaction?

• A. Angioedema
• B. Urticaria
• C. Glomerulonephritis
• D. Wheezing

Answer: (C)

Glomerulonephritis is not a characteristic symptom of an allergic reaction because it primarily refers to an inflammation of the kidney's glomeruli, which can arise from infections, autoimmune diseases, or other systemic conditions rather than directly from an allergic mechanism. Allergic reactions involve specific immune responses typically mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE), leading to symptoms like angioedema, urticaria, and wheezing.

Angioedema involves swelling of deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes and lips, and can occur as a result of an allergic response. Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is characterized by itchy welts on the skin, directly related to allergic reactions that involve histamine release. Wheezing, a high-pitched sound produced during breathing, can result from bronchial constriction during an allergic reaction, particularly to allergens such as pollen or animal dander. Each of these symptoms reflects the body's immediate hypersensitivity response during allergies, showcasing the inflammatory process and immune activation that are involved. In contrast, glomerulonephritis does not fall within this spectrum and is associated with renal pathology instead.